IT Band Syndrome

Written by Dr. Jason Ngan, DC

What is IT Band Syndrome?

Iliotibial band syndrome (aka IT band friction syndrome) is a pain condition at the side of the thigh. The iliotibial band (IT band) is a long, elastic connective tissue that runs from the iliac crest (top side of the hip) to the Gerdy’s tubercle of the tibia (top of the shin bone). The role of the IT band is to stabilize the knees and the hip.

What Causes IT Band Syndrome?

IT band syndrome is caused by repetitive knee flexion. The IT band rubs against the hip and knee bones and eventually becomes irritated and swollen. Some common activities include:

  • Physical activity such as running, swimming, hiking, and cycling

  • Arthritis of the knee

What are the Signs and Symptoms?

  • Pain (burning), aching at the side of the knee

  • Pain that travels up and down the leg

  • Swelling and redness at the side of the knee

How is IT Band Syndrome Diagnosed?

ITBS is diagnosed with a thorough medical history, physical examination, orthopedic testing.

What are the Treatment Options?

  • Chiropractic manipulation and mobilization

  • Soft tissue therapies

  • Gua-sha

  • Cupping

  • E-stim

  • Ultrasound

  • Rehabilitative exercises and stretches

  • RICE method (rest, ice, compression, elevation)

  • Footwear recommendation

Other treatments that patients may seek (not provided at Ngan Chiropractic) include acupuncture, anti-inflammatory medication, steroid injections, and surgery if severe.  

References

  1. Hadeed A, Tapscott DC. Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome. [Updated 2022 May 30]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542185/

  2. McKay, J., Maffulli, N., Aicale, R. et al. Iliotibial band syndrome rehabilitation in female runners: a pilot randomized study. J Orthop Surg Res 15, 188 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-020-01713-7

  3. Shamus J, Shamus E. The Management of Iliotibial Band Syndrome with a Multifaceted Approach: a Double Case Report. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2015 Jun;10(3):378-90. PMID: 26075154; PMCID: PMC4458926.